鲁东-苏北榴辉岩的构造特征及其折返机制

鲁东-苏北地区出露了M型和Q型两类榴辉岩,前者的原岩为地幔岩类,后者的原岩为地壳岩类。它们均呈外来岩块产出于片麻岩中。其形成经历了前榴辉岩I、A和S阶段,在I和A阶段它们表现为韧性变形,而在S阶段则表现为碎裂变形。它们的折返过程经历了剪切回流和区域性隆起剥蚀。     

Chromite deposits in China and their origin

The major chromite resources of China occur in ophiolites and continental intrusions. Podiform chromite deposits are mainly developed in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic ophiolitic mantle sequences. They occur as tabular, lenticular, or irregular masses hosted by dunite lithologies, or dunite lenses, or harzburgite associated with dunite lenses. Main stratiform deposits occur within the Archean Northern China craton and are named as the Gaosi-type deposits, which are contained in intrusions similar to their Alaskan-type counterparts and are characterised by their ring-shaped ores. Stratiform deposits are also found in Phanerozoic ophiolites. Chromites in the ophiolites are chemically divided into high-A1 and high-Cr types, both of which plot in the alpine type field. Chromites from the Gaosi-type deposits belong to high-Fe type, possessing uniform Al contents. The podiform chromitites were generated from magmatic pockets in the mantle sequences, whereas those deposits (such as the Dadao deposit) in cumulate sequences had a similar origin but crystallized at shallower depths. Stratiform Gaosi-type deposits should have formed by accumulation of chromites which were in equilibrium with an ultramafic magma with a uniform Al content.     

The stability of merwinite in the system CaO-MgO-SiO2-H2O-CO2 with CO2-poor fluids

The stability of merwinite (Mw) and its equivalent assemblages, akermanite (Ak)+calcite (Cc), diopside (Di)+calcite, and wollastonite (Wo)+monticellite (Mc)+calcite was determined at T=500–900° C and P _f=0.5–2.0 kbar under H₂O–CO₂ fluid conditions with X _{CO 2}=0.5, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.02. Merwinite is stable at P _f=0.5 kbar with T>700° C and X _{CO 2}<0.1. At P _f=2.0 kbar, the assemblage Di+Cc replaces merwinite at all T and X _{CO 2} conditions. At intermediate P _f=1 kbar, the assemblage Ak+Cc is stable above 707° C and Wo+Mc+Cc is stable below 707° C. The univariant curve for the reaction Di+Cc=Wo+Mc+CO₂ is almost parallel to the T axis and shifts to low P _f with increasing X _{CO 2}, with the assemblage Di+Cc on the high-P _f side. The implications of the experimental results in regard to contact metamorphism of limestone are discussed using the aureole at Crestmore, California as an example.     

自回归总径流线性响应模型在洪水预报中的应用

采用自回归总径流线性响应(ATLR)模型建立淮河王家坝站洪水预报方案和海河流域南运河水系洪水预报调度方案.自回归TLR模型与TLR模型加误差自回归实时校正模型的结构相同,但前者计算简捷,预报精度也有所提高.     

地理专家系统的试验研究

80年代人工智能与地理学的结合产生了地理专家系统(GES)。地理专家系统是继地理信息系统之后,对地理知识与推理形式化,建立的具有一定地理专业水平的计算机软件系统。地理专家系统由地理数据库,地理知识库和地理推理机三大部分组成。地理数据库是GES的数据管理模块,我们设计了一套地理信息系统MCGIS来作为微机地理专家系统MCGES的综合数据库;地理知识库是GES的知识管理模块;地理推理机则是GES的推理控制策略的程序体现。本文结合一个用C语言自行设计的基于规则的产生式微机地理专家系统MCGES阐述了地理专家系统的原理和方法。     

滇西墨江西部石炭、二叠纪火山岩

墨江西部出露有石炭纪和晚二叠世两套火山岩,它们呈平行的两条带分布。石炭纪火山岩以拉斑玄武岩为主,少量流纹岩,它们是由上地幔源区10%部分熔融形成的原始岩浆,经橄榄石、辉石和斜长石不同程度结晶分异作用形成。其喷发环境可能是一个发育在大陆边缘的张性海盆地。晚二叠世火山岩较为复杂,熔岩与火山碎屑岩交互发育,熔岩主要属于拉斑系列,还含有少量钙碱性系列岩石;形成于陆缘火山弧环境。     

控制网自动平差软件的研制

阐述控制网自动平差软件设计的基本思想,研究了点号的自动最优编排、近似座标的自动推算、变带宽压缩存储等关键算法,据此在微机上设计了一个自动平差软件。该软件能直接处理电子手薄、磁卡和人工手薄记录的数据,用户不需绘制计算略图、编号编码、数据摘录等,处理过程完全自动进行,使平差过程变得非常简单。软件可用于平差导线网约800个点,水准网约2000个点。     

监测网的可区分测度

监测网的设计阶段，变形体的变形特性不是完全清楚的情况下，须考虑监测网的可区分测度．本文详细讨论了监测网的可区分问题，导出了有关的公式，并以算例加以分析和说明，最后论述了监测网设计的可区分准则．     

L_p估计的计算问题

本文对Ｌｐ估计的直接算法进行了详细的分析和讨论，由于直接算法效率低，文中提出了一种快速算法（残差逐步下降法），采用可变尺度因子来修正Ｈｕｂｅｒ的常数尺度因子。最后，以实例加以分析和说明。     

同步设计和异步设计的最优性

针对Ｇｒａｆａｒｅｎｄ的四类设计，提出了网的同步设计，论证了异步设计的相互关系，并从最优性及解集论证了同步设计和异步设计的最优性问题．得到整体最优和局部最优。最后以一算例表明结果的合理性。